Method and means for turning and finishing pieces of work



March 3, 1931. Q TRQBECK 1,794,390

METHOD AND MEANS FOR TURNING AND FINISHING PIECES OF WORK Filed Nov. 5,1928 3 Sheets- Sheet 1 1 f I 1 I I March 3, 1931. Q TRQBECK 1,794,390

METHOD AND MEANS FOR TURNING AND FINISHING PIECES OF WORK Filed Nov. 3,1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 March 3, 1931. o. E. TROBECK METHOD AND MEANS FORTURNING AND FINISHING PIECES OF'WORK 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 [mi/Onion)(/[OL'ZI'TmC/L 730660? Filed Nov. 3, 1928 Patented Mar. 3, 1931 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE OLOF ENOOH TROIBECK, OI BERLIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNORTO THE NATIONAL ACME COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIOMETHOD AND means FOR TURNING AND FINISHING rmcns or wonx Applicationfiled November 8, 1928, Serial No. 816,996, and in Germany January 4,1928.

This invention relates to metal working machines, and it moreparticularly has to do with an improved method and means for turning andfinishing pieces of work with a high degree of accuracy, such as piecesmade on metal workin machines as, for nstance, automatic multiplespindle screw machines,the object of the invention being to provide animproved method and means, simple in construction and operatlon andhighly efficient in use, and by means of which certaindisadvantages,heretofore present 1n the turning and finishing of piecesof work are obviated.

Heretofore the tool, bein carried by the g reciprocating main tool sli eof a multiple spindle screw machine and under the control of the leadcam thereof,'had necessarily the same amount of movement back and forthas the other tools carried by said slide, resulting in certaindisadvantages in the turmng and finishing of the piece of work,so that,prior to the present improvement, a plece of work could only be finishedto the same high degree of'accuracy as is now obtained by the presentimprovement by performing a second operation on the piece after it camefrom the automatic machine or by decreasing the output one-half or more.1

By means of the present improvement, the operator can always give thecam that operates the cross-slide a suitable lead, no matter what thelength of the lead cam on the cam shaft for the main tool slide maybe,so that the lead of the cross-slide is distributed over the entirelength of the feed of the cam shaft lead cam. In other words, should themain tool slide have a fast travel,namely, a coarse feed,by means of itslead cam, say, of one inch,this turning andfinishing tool can, by'meansof its cam, have a very fine feed,--for instance, of one sixty-fourth toone-sixteenth (1/64" to 1/16") of an inch,thus giving a. feed to thefinishing tool ten to twenty times finer than the other roughing toolson the main slide.

Furthermore, the construction and operation of this inside finishing orshaving tool is such that the cut pulls or lifts the tool away from theslide. I have observed that when a tool-maker desires to get a smoothout on his lathe, he reverses his tool and runs his spindle left-hand.This seems a paradox, and I can only explain it by stating that bypulling upwards or away from the bed of the machine, the dovetail of theslide is pulled upward and wedged, so that all play is eliminated;whereas, when the thrust of the tool is downwards, you have whateverplay there is in the slide, and a certain amount thereof is alwaysnecessary in order to have the slide work freely. Whatever may betheexpla nation, actual test of this improvement has given excellentsatisfaction and a high deree of accuracy in the turning and finish- Inonly been possible by two operations or by slowing down the machine, so.that the present improvement thus materially saves time and labor.

In the drawings, a piece of work,such as a ball race or cup, which mustbe finished with a hi h degree of accuracy,-is shown being finis ed.Heretofore the finishing of such a piece was only accomplished by aseparate operation after the piece was formed on a multi 1e spindlescrew machine; but, by means of t e present improvement, this finishingcan be done as a final step on a multiple spindle screw machine, andwith a high degree of accuracy,thus saving a separate finlshing step onanother machine.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specificationigure 1 illustrates, partly in section, one

end of a multiple spindle screw machine having this improved fixtureattached thereto;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the main tool slide of the machinewith this fixture applied thereto;

Fig. 3 is a top view of the improvement;

Fig. 4 is a partly cross-sectional view taken on line 4-4, Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a detail view of a finishing tool and a sectional view of aball race or cup;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 5; and

Fig. 7 is a plan view of the top cross-slide.

Similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in theseveral views.

of the work; whereas, heretofore this has Before explainin in detail thepresent improvement and mode of operation thereof, I desire to have itunderstood that the invention is not limited to the details of construction and arrangement of parts which are illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, since the invention is capable of other embodiments, and thatthe phraseology which I employ is for the purpose of description androtated by suitable gearing, the worm-wheel 7 only of which it is deemednecessary to show. This main tool slide is provided with the usualnumber of faces for the reception of the end working tool holders, andin the present instance this improved fixture is secured to one of thesefaces and for this purpose a plate or supporting member 8 is bolted toone of the faces of the main tool slide 2. This supporting member orplate 8 is provided with 'a longitudinally-extending dovetail 9 for thereception of a complementary formed part 10 of an intermediate slide 11having on its top a diagonal dovetail 12 for the reception of acomplementary-formed part 13 of a supplemental or top cross-slide 14,forming the tool holder for carrying the proper tool or cutter, shown asa finishing cutter 15. This top cross-slide is located at an anglesuitable for the work to be performed, according to whether it is afinishing, recessing, turning or shoulder undercutting job; and in thepresent instance the crossslide 14 is located diagonally and at asuitable angle,-being in the present instance shown at an angle of aboutsixty degrees (60), to the intermediate slide 11 and main tool slide 2.Bolted to the main tool slide 2 for movement therewith is a cross-bar 17and between this bar and the intermediate slide 11 are a pair of springs17' for pushing the slide 11 forward and holding it in engagement atcertain times with a stop 18 bolted to the main tool slide 2, wherebythe slide 11 is held during a certain part of the forward movement ofthe main tool slide 2 in engagement with this stop 18, the forwardmovement of the slide 11 being limited by a stop C hereinafter describedand carried by a fixed part of the machine, this stop C being so setthat the tool will, when the slide strikes the stop C, be close to thework to be finished. From the-foregoing it will be observed that thefixed stop C limits the forward movement of the slide 11 with the toolslide 2, while the latter can be further shifted by its lead cam.

Carried b the cross-bar 17 is a longitudinally exten ing cam member orbar 20 having an inclined or cam face 21 in position to engage a roller22 carried by the top or supplemental slide 14, so that, as the maintool slide 2 moves forward, the cross-bar 17 andlongitudinally-extending cam bar 20 are shifted with it and thus operateto shift the 't'opslide 14 diagonally to the direction of movement ofthe main tool slide 2 and the intermediate slide 11, thus bringing thetool into engagement with the inside faces of the ball race, forinstance, thereby to finish or shave it. Thus the diagonally-locateddovetailways of the top slide 14 shift the tool both depthwise or lenthwise of the work, as well as laterally relatively thereto, and thisdiagonal movement of the tool is at adifi'erent or a very slow and finefeed as compared with the feed of the main tool slide, since the feed ofthe top slide and'its tool is controlled by the cam bar 20 and not bythe lead cam on the cam drum. The roller 22 is held in engagement withthe cam bar 20 by a spring 23 and an adjusting screw 24, the springbeing located in an opening 25 of the top slide and held undercompression by the adjusting screw bolted to the bottom slide by meansof a bracket 26. Suitable adjusting devices or screws 27 are located inthe top slide for adjusting the top slide by means of this roller 22relatively to the cam bar 20, thereby to adjust the position of the topcross-slide and its tool to obtain the right diameter. In other words,if it is desired to adjust the. tool cut larger or smaller, the positionof the top cross-slide is altered relatively to this roller 22 and cambar or slide 20.

In the operation of this device, the slide 11and therewith the top slide14moves forward with the main tool slide 2 so long as the springs of theslide 11 hold this slide in engagement with the stop 18 and until a projeotion or arm 19 of the slide 11 comes into engagement with the fixedstop C,shown in the form of an adjustable nut carried by a threaded roda secured to the frame or a fixed part of the machine,whereupon furtherforward movement of the fixture is arrested. This length of movement issuflicient to bring the tool 15.into its starting position to performits work on the piece to be finished. The further forward movement ofthe main tool slide 2, however, carries the usual end working tools (notshown) into engagement with their work, and this continued forwardmovement of the main tool slide 2 carries the cam bar 20 into positionto engage the roller 22 of the top slide 14 and shift the top slidediagonally so as to carry the finishing tool into position to engage thework and thus finish the piece in an accurate and expeditious manner,and by reason of the diagonal location of the dovetail ways of the topslide, the tool is thus shifted lengthwise or depthwise of the work andalso laterally relatively thereto.

Upon the return of the main tool slide, the stop 18 engages the slide 11and retracts it of course, simultaneously retracting the cam bar andpermitting the spring 23 to carry the top cross-slide away from theworkthis return movement of the fixture compressing the springs 17 andfirmly holding the slide 11- against the stop 18.

The rod a also carries a check nut b which acts as a safety device,sothat,'if the sprin s 17 should, by reason of weakness, fail to\ hold thetop slide 14 in engagement with the stop 18 and be, for instance, in theposition shown in Fig. 2 and thus away from the stop 18, the top slide14 returning with the main slide, due to the friction between the two,is, when it reaches the stop C, then pushed into engagement with thestop '18 in readiness for the next forward movement of the main slide.

From the foregoing it will be observed that the finishing tool, in thepresent improve ment, does not have imparted thereto a full lengthwisemovement corresponding to that of the main tool slide, as has heretoforebeen necessary, so that'considerablc wear of the parts is eliminated. Inother words, the

lengthwise movement of the fixture is short compared with that of themain tool, slide and the transverse movement of the tool iscomparatively slight, so that the movements of the fixture are smallcompared with those of the end tools of the main tool slide and the feedof this finishing tool is, therefore, very much less than that of thetools of the main tool slide, in consequence of which avery high degreeof accuracy and smooth finish are possible in the finishing of a pieceof work. Thus the tools carried by the main tool slide 2 can be crowdedas much as desired,this depending upon the lead of the lead cam on thecam drum,while this turning, finishing or shaving tool can have alengthwise and sidewise movement as slow as desired, since the lead ofthe cam on the cam drum is not imparted to the tool, but movement ofwhich is dependent entirely upon the bar cam which can be arranged togive any desired feed. As the lengthwise and sidewise movement of thetool, so far as its work is concerned, does not commence until the slide11 reaches the fixed stop 0, the feed of the tool can be very slow, withresultant important advantages as compared with finishing toolsheretofore used.

The present improvement, which is partic ularly adapted for automaticmultiple spindle screw machines in which a plurality of end workingtools are operating simultaneously on a plurality of pieces of work, isapplied to one of the tooling surfaces of the main tool slide withoutinterfering with the other tools on'that slide and the tool canstartputting at the same time as the end working tools of the main toolslide, with the result that a much finer feed is obtained.

that the work of the machine is not held up.

The result of this improvement is that a feed can be given to thefinishing tool ten to twenty times finer than that of the other tools onthe main tool slide.

It is to be understood that by describing.

in detail herein any particular form, structure or arrangement, it isnotintended to .limit the invention beyond the terms of the severalclaims or the requirements of the prior art.

Having thus explained the nature of my said invention and described away of constructing and using the same, although without attempting toset forth all of the forms in whichit may be made or all of the modes ofits use, I claim:

1. In a metal working machine having a main tool slide and means forreciprocating it, a supplemental tool slide carried thereby on thelongitudinal face thereof, and means for shifting said supplemental toolslide on the main slide in a diagonal direction with a reduced ordifferent feed as compared with the feed of the main tool slide.

2. In a metal working machine having a main tool slide and means forreciprocating it, a supplemental too] slide carried thereby andoccupying only a single tooling position and means for shifting saidsupplemental tool slide on the main slide endwise and laterally witharcduced or different feed as compared with the feed of the main toolslide.

3. In a multiple spindle screw machine having a main tool slide adaptedto carry a plurality of tools operative simultaneously, and means forreciprocating it, a supplemental tool slide carried thereby and meansfor shifting said supplemental tool slide on the main slide'obliquely ata reduced or different feed as compared with the feed of the main toolslide, and comprising resilient means and a reciprocating cam.

4:. In a multiple spindle screw machine having a main tool slide adaptedto carry a plurality of tools operative simultaneously, and means forreciprocating it with a fast movement during theidle movement of thetools carried thereby, a supplemental tool slide carried thereby andmovable therewith with the same feed during a predetermined time, andmeans for shifting said supplemental slide on the main slide dia onallyat a different or materiallyreduced eed as compared with the feed of themain tool slide.

5. In a metal working machine having a main tool slide and means forreciprocating it with a fast movement during the idle movement of thetools carried thereby, a supplemental tool slide carried thereby on thelongitudinal face thereof and movable therewith with the same feedduring apredetermined time, means for shifting said supplemental slideobliquely at a different or materially reduced feed as compared with thefeed of the main tool slide, and comprising resilient means for shiftingthe slide endwise and cam-operated means for shifting it laterallysimultaneously.

6. In a metal working machine, the combination of a reciprocating maintool slide, an intermediate slide mounted on a longitudinal face of saidmain slide and shiftable in the same direction as the main tool slide, atop tool-carrying slide shiftable with the intermediate slide and alsoindependently thereof in an oblique direction, and means for shiftingsaid slides.

7. In a metal working machine, the combination of a reciprocating maintool slide, an intermediate slide mounted on a longitudinal face of saidmain slide and shiftable in the same direction as the main tool slide, atop tool-carrying slide shiftable with the intermediate slide and alsoindependently thereof in transverse directions with a. feed differentfrom that of the main tool slide, and means for shifting said slides.

8. In a metal working machine, the combination of a reciprocating maintool slide, an intermediate slide mounted on a longitudinal face of saidmain slide and shiftable in the same direction as the main tool'slide, atop tool-carrying slide shiftable with the intermediate slide and alsoindependently thereof in transverse directions at a feed less ordifferent from that of the main tool slide, a rotary lead cam forreciprocating the main tool slide, resilient means for shifting theintermediate slide, and a reciprocating cam and obliquely-located waysfor shifting the top tool slide.

9. The combination with a reciprocating main tool slide adapted to carrya plurality of tools operative simultaneously on a pluralityv of piecesof work, of a resiliently-shifted slide carried by said main tool slide,means for limiting the movement of said second slide, a tool-carryingslide carried by said second slide and shiftable in an oblique path, andmeans shiftable with the main tool slide for shifting said tool-carryingslide. v

10. The combination with a reciprocating main tool slide adapted tocarry'a plurality of tools operative simultaneously on a plurality ofpieces of work, of a resilientlyshifted slide carried by said main toolslide,

means for limiting the movement of said second-slide, a tool-carryingslide carried by said second slide and shiftable in an oblique path,means shiftable with the main tool slide for shifting said tool-carryingslide, and means carried by the main tool slide for retracting saidslides.

11. The combination with a reciprocating 12. The combination with areciprocating main tool slide adapted to carry a plurality of toolsoperative simultaneously on a plurality of pieces of work, of aresilientl shifted slide carried by said main tool sli e, meansforlimiting the movement of said second slide, a tool-carrying slidecarried by said second slide and shiftable in an oblique path, meansshiftable with the main tool slide for shifting said tool-carryingslide, said last means comprising a reciprocating cam member and aroller, one carried bythe main tool slide and the other by thetool-carrying slide, and means for holding the roller and cam inengagement.

13. The combination with a reciprocating main tool slide, of aresiliently-shifted slide carried by said main tool slide, means forlimiting the movement of said second slide, a tool-carrying slidecarried by said second slide and shiftable in an oblique path, meansshiftable with the main tool slide for shifting said tool-carryingslide, said last means comprising a reciprocatin cam member and aroller, one carried by the main tool slide and the other by thetool-carrying slide, .means for holding the roller and cam in engagementand comprising a spring carried by the tool-carrying slide, and meanscarried by the main tool slide for compressing said spring.

14. The combination with a reci rocating main tool slide, of aresiliently-shi ted slide carried by said main tool slide, means forlimiting the movement of said second slide, a tool-carrying slidecarried by said second slide and shiftable in an oblique path, meansshiftable with the main tool slide for shifting said tool-carryingslide, said last means comprising a reciprocating cam member and aroller, one carried by the main tool slide and the other by thetool-carrying slide, and means for adjusting the roller.

15. In a metal working machine having a main tool slide and means forreciprocating it, the combination of a plate fixed thereto and rovidedwith a longitudinally-extend ing ovetail, an intermedlate slide mountedthereon for reciprocating movement with the main tool slide, meanscarried by the main tool slide for reci rocating said intermediateslide, means for limiting the forward movement of said intermediateslide, means carried by the main tool slide for retracting saidintermediate slide, a top tool-carrying slide shiftable in an obliquepath relatively to the intermediate slide, means carried by the maintool slide for shifting the top slide in transverse paths with a feeddifferent from that of the main tool slide and comprising a cam memberand a roller, one carried by the top slide and the other by the mainslide, means for holding said roller in co-operation with the cammember, and means for adjusting the roller relatively to the cam slide.

16. In a metal working machine having a main tool slide and means forreciprocating it, the combination of a plate fixed thereto and providedwith a longitudinally-extending dovetail, an intermediate slide mountedthereon for reciprocating movement with the main tool slide, a resilientmeans carried by the main tool slide for reciprocating said intermediateslide, means for limiting the forward movement of said intermediateslide,

means carried by the main tool slide for retracting said intermediateslide, a top toolcarrying slide shiftable in an oblique path relativelyto the intermediate slide, and means carried by the main tool slide forshifting the top slide in transverse paths with a feed different fromthat of the main tool slide.

17. In a metal Working machine having a main tool'slide and means forreciprocating it, the combination of a plate fixed thereto and providedwith a longitudinally-extending dovetail, an intermediate slide mountedthereon for reciprocating movement with the main tool slide, resilientmeans carried by the main tool slide for reciprocating said intermediateslide, means for limiting the forward movement of said intermediateslide, means carried by the main tool slide for retracting saidintermediate slide, a top tool-carrying slide shiftable in an obliquepath relatively to the intermediate slide, means carried by the maintool slide for shifting the top slide in transverse paths with a feeddifferent from that of the main tool slide and comprising a cam memberand a roller, one carried by the top slide and the other by the mainslide, means for holding said roller in co-operation with the cammember, and means for adj usting the position of the top sliderelatively to its cam member.

18. The combination with a main tool slide of a metal working machineadapted to carry tools operative simultaneously on a plurality of piecesof work and having a predetermined length and feed of movement and meansfor reciprocating it, of a tool fixture carried thereby having a lengthand feed of movement less than or different from that of the main toolslide, and means for shifting said fixture at an angle one part to theother.

19. The combination with a main tool slide of a metal working machineadapted to carry tools operative simultaneously on a plurality of piecesof work and having a predetermined length and feed of movement and meansfor reciprocating it, of a tool fixture carried thereby having a lengthand feed of move ment less than or different from that of the main toolslide and comprising a plurality of superimposed slides supported forlongi tudinal movement with the main tool slide and one supported formovement relatively to the main slide at a suitable angle for the workto be performed, means for shifting" said slides with the main toolslide, means for limiting the shifting movement of the slides, and meansoperated by the main tool slide for shifting one of said slides at anangle to the other.

20. The method of finishing a piece of work which consists in providinga fixture carried by a main tool slide having a predetermined feed andlength of movement, in which the said fixture has both a movement and afeed less than or different from that of'the main tool slide in anoblique path and in which theil tool is pulled or lifted away from thesli e.

21. The combination with a main tool slide of a metal working machineadapted to carry tools operative simultaneously on a plurality of piecesof work and having a predetermined length and feed of movement and meansfor reciprocating it, of a tool fixture carried thereby having a lengthand feed of movement less than or different from that of the main toolslide and comprising a plurality of superimposed slides supported forlongitudinal movement with the main tool slide and one supported forangular movement relatively to the main slide, means for shifting saidslides with the main tool slide, means for limiting the shiftingmovement of the slides, and means for shifting the angularlymovableslide.

22. The combination with a main tool slide of a metal working machineadapted to carry simultaneously-operative end tools and having apredetermined length and feed of movement and means for reciprocatingit, of a finishing tool fixture carried thereby on a longitudinal facethereof and having a length and feed of movement in an oblique path lessthan that of the main tool slide, and means for'shifting said finishingtool and comprising resilient and cam-operated means.

23. The combination with a main tool slide of a metal working machineadapted to carry simultaneously-operative end tools and having apredetermined length and feed of movement and means for reciprocatingit, of a finishin tool fixture carried-thereby ona longitu inal facethereof and having a length and feed of movement in an oblique path lessthan that of the main tool slide, and means for shifting said finishingtool and compris-' ing resilient and cam-operated means, one forimparting lengthwise movement to the finishing tool and the other forimparting transverse movement thereto.

24. The combination with a main tool slide of a metal working machineadapted to carry simultaneously-operative end tools and having apredetermined length and feed of movement and means or reciprocating it,of a finishing tool fixture carried thereby having a length and feed ofmovement in an oblique path less than that of the main tool slide andcomprising a plurality of superimposed slides located on a longitudinalface of and supported for longitudinal movement with the main tool slideand one supported for transverse movement relatively to the main slideat an angle of approximately sixty degrees (60), means for shifting'saidslides with the main tool slide, means for limiting the shiftingmovement of the slides, and means operated by the main tool slide vfortransversely shifting one of said slides and comprising resilient meansand cam-operated means.

25. The combination with a main tool slide of a metal working machineadapted to carry end tools and having a predetermined length and feed ofmovement and means for reciprocating it, of a finishing tool fixturecarried thereby having a length and feed of movement in an oblique pathless than that of the main tool slide and comprising a plurality ofsuperimposed slides supported for longitudinal movement with the maintool slide and one supported for transverse movement relatively to themain slide at an angle of approximately sixty degrees (60), means forshifting said slides with the main tool slide, means for limiting theshifting movement of the slides, and means operated by the main toolslide for transversely shifting one of said slides and comprisingresilient means and cam-operated means, the former carried by the maintool slide and co-operating with the bottom of said slides and thelatter comprising a cam member carried by the main tool slide andco-operating with a roller carried by the transversely-shiftable slide.

26. In a metal working machine having a 2 main tool slide carryin aplurality of end working tools adapted or simultaneous operation andmeans for reciprocating it and including a lead cam having apredetermined lead, a supplemental tool-carrying slide car'- riedthereby, and means for shifting said main slide with. a reduced ordifferent feed 'as compared with thefeed of the main tool slide andsoconstructed that the cutting lead of the supplemental tool slide toolis distributed over the lead of the cam of the main tool slide so thatthe supplemental slide tool can start work at the same time as the endworking tools and have a much finer feed.

27. In a metal working machine having a main to'ol slide carryin aplurality of end working tools adapted or simultaneous operation andmeans for reciprocating it and including a lead cam having apredetermined lead, a supplemental tool-carrying slide carried thereby,and means for shifting said supplemental tool slide at an angle to themain slide with a reduced or different feed as compared with the feed ofthe main tool slide and so constructed that the cuttin lead of thesupplemental tool slide tool is distributed over the lead of the cam ofthe main tool slide so that the supplemental slide tool can start workat the same time as the end working tools and have a much finer feed andwhereby also the supplemental slide tool is pulled or lifted away fromthe slide.

28. In a multiple spindle screw machine having a main tool slide ada tedto carry end working tools and means or reciprocating it, a supplementaltool slide carried thereby and carrying afinishing tool operative on theinterior of a piece of work, and means for shifting said supplementaltool slide at an angle to the main tool slide without interfering withthe operation of the tools carried by the main tool slide andconstructed to impart to the tool carried by the su plemental tool slidea feed materially finer t an that of the main tool slide.

29. In a multiple spindle screw machine having a main tool slide adaptedto carry a plurality of simultaneously-operative end working tools andmeans for reciprocating it, asupplemental tool slide carried by saidmain slide, and means for shifting said supplemental slide at an angleto the main slide with a reduced or different feed as compared with thefeed of the main tool slide and without interference with the operationsof the end working tools of the main slide.

Signed at Berlin, Germany, this 23rd day of October, 1928.

OLOF ENOCH TROBECK.

